Method and apparatus for noise suppression

ABSTRACT

Method and apparatus for suppressing noise in machinery a having movable element and fixed element in close proximity to the movable element is disclosed. The movable element and fixed element may coact to disturb the atmosphere and produce noise. A fluid system is provided for inducing a pressure variation proximate to the movable element and fixed element to thereby reduce the level of noise.

0 United States Patent 1191 1111 3,921,481 Marcus 1 Nov. 25, 1975 [54] WEB SEVERING DEVICE FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS [76] Invent: 228 Y g fx gg 470,945 3/1969 Fischer, et: al 83/117 [22] Filed: May 13 1974 Primary Examiner--Willie G. Abercrombie [21] App1.No.:469,287 Attorney, Agent, or F irm-Kirschstein, Kirschstein,

Ottinger & Frank, RC. [52] US. Cl 83/117 [51] Int. Cl. .....B26D 1/36; B26D 1/40; B26D 7/18 581 Field ofSearch 83/117,116 [57] ABSTRACT 56] References Cited Cheeks for use in a printing press web severing device UNITED STATES PATENTS which are made from rubber having a durometer 2 038 336 4/1936 B h 83/11. hardness of 65 plus or minus 5. The cheeks are located 7,1881 83/117 in knife boxes and are compressed by the web being 2 4503l2 9/1948, 222 2 "83/117 cut and then expand after the out has been completed 1 937 519 12/1933 iamatsailililllllil'.1111111115371 17x stripping the web from the cutting blade I 3,552,244 1/1971 Smith ..83/116X 3 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures U.S. Patent Nov. 25, 1975 SheetlofZ 3,921,481

U.S. Patent Nov. 25, 1975 Sheet 2 0f 2 3,921,481

WEB SEVERING DEVICE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention Printing press web severing device.

2. Description of the Prior Art In the printing press rooms of nearly all newspapers there is a very high level of noise whenever the printing presses are being run. This high level of noise contributes to fatigue, loss of hearing and decreases the work performance of each of the persons effected by said noise by a significant amount. This problem is recognized by the trade and much effort has been devoted towards reducing the high level of noise which is present when printing presses are run.

One of the reasons for high noise levels in printing presses is the engagement and disengagement of the cheek woods of the cutting cylinder against the printed webs of paper as said printed webs of paper are cut to sheet lengths.

In the past two cheek woods were utilized, one on each side of the cutting knife inside a cheek block. Usually the cheek woods were made of wood, canvas impregnated with phenolic material or hard plastic. Biasing means (springs) were provided for urging the cheek woods towards the tip of the cutting knife. As the cutting cylinders rotated relative to the mating folding cylinders, the cheek woods were compressed during cutting and the biasing means, after the cutting has been completed, forced the cheek woods in an Rubber cheeks have been used but with relatively little success inasmuch as the prior art rubber cheeks V did not have an adequate work life so that continuous replacement and down time of the printing presses resulted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. Purposes of the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved printing press web severing device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a printing press web severing device which is substantially quieter than the prior art printing press web severing device that utilized cheek woods.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a printing press web severing device which has a long operating life and increases blade life.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a printing press having a web severing device that can sever sheets of paper from a web of paper and strip the severed sheets of paper from the cutting blade.

Other objects of the invention, in part, will be obvious and, in part, will be pointed out hereinafter.

2. Brief Description of the Invention According to the present invention, the foregoing and other objects which will be apparent to those skilled in the art are accomplished by having a printing press which includes a folding cylinder and mating cutting cylinder. The cutting cylinder includes a female opening in which a knife box is located. Said knife box is construed from two pieces which are mirror images of each other. The first piece is bolted to the second piece with a cutting knife being gripped between said pieces and extending outwardly therefrom. A first cheek space is located between said cutting knife and said first piece and a second cheek space is located between said cutting knife and said second piece. Said first piece includes an overhanging portion as does said second piece.

5 A first cheek made of an elastomer material having a durometer hardness of approximately 65 is provided. The first cheek is L-shaped and includes a base which is substantially rectangular and an extending vertical portion. The overhanging portion of the first piece overlays and contacts a portion of the base of said first check. The extension of said first cheek extends past the overhang of said first piece and is adjacent but spaced from, in an inward direction, the tip of the cutting knife blade. A second cheek, identical to said first check, is provided and is located in the second space.

Said first and second cheeks flank said cutting knife and are in contact therewith. In addition, there is a slight gap between the extension of said first check and said first piece overhang. In a similar fashion, there is a slight gap between the extension of said second cheek and said second piece overhang.

In use, the folding cylinder and cutting cylinder are rotated in unison. A web of paper is passed between said folding cylinder and cutting cylinder. As the two cylinders rotate, the web of paper is forced into the cutting knife which cuts the web. The paper compresses the extension of said first and second cheeks and the bases of said first and second cheeks. As the cutting cylinder rotates, the cutting knife is no longer pointed toward the center of the folding cylinder 'and the inherent bias of the first and second cheeks causes said first and second cheeks to move outwardly stripping the sheet of paper from the cutting knife. The

cycle is then repeated.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the devices hereinafter described and of which the scope of appli- 40 cation will be indicated in the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side plan view of a folding cylinder, cutting cylinder and a portion of a web of paper according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of afolding cylinder and a cutting cylinder having cutting cheeks according to the present invention and a portion of a web of paper;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a folding cylinder, cutting cylinder, cheek arrangement and a portion of a web of paper according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a folding cylinder, cutting cylinder, cheek arrangement and a portion of a web of paper according to a third embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 an embodiment 10 ofthe present invention is shown and includes a folding cylinder 12 and a cutting cylinder 1.4. Each of said cylinders is constructed from a conventional case hardened steel (e.g. 4140). Folding cylinder 12 is rotatable about a folding axis 16 and cutting cylinder 14 is rotatable about a cutting axis 18. Cutting cylinder 14 includes a female indentation 20 which extends inwardly from the periphery thereof. Located in indentation 20 is a knife box 22 which is composed of a first knife box piece 24 and a second knife box piece 26. First knife box piece 24 includes a base 28, an upwardly extending side 30 and an overhang 32. A cutting knife 34 is provided which is conventional and includes a cutting edge at the tip thereof. A bolt 36 bolts knife box piece 24 to knife box piece 26 and secures cutting knife 34 in the conventional fashion. A set screw 38 is provided for controlling the radial movement of cutting knife 34.

A rubber check 40 having a durometer hardness of 65 plus or minus includes a base 42 and an extended portion 44. Base 42 includes three sides, one of which contacts the left side of cutting knife 34 for the orientation of said cutting knife shown in FIG. 2. The right side of the extension 40 contacts cutting knife 34. The bottom (second) side of base 42 contacts the base 28 and the third side of base 42 contacts the inside surface of upwardly extending side 30. It is to be noted that the shoulder between base 42 and extension 44 contacts the underside of overhang 32 for the unstressed condition of cheek 40. A further point to note is that a slight gap exists between extension 44 of check 40 and the radial edge of overhang 32. The outer edge 44a of extension 44 is spaced slightly from the tip of cutting knife 34 in a radially inward direction.

A second cheek 46 is provided which has the same composition as check 40 and is the mirror image thereof. Check 46 includes a base 48 and an extension 50. Base 48 is in contact with the base of knife box piece 20, in contact with the right side of cutting knife 34 and in contact with the inside vertical surface of knife box piece 26. In addition, the shoulder between base 48 of cheek 46 and extension 50 thereof is in contact with the under surface of the overhang of knife box piece 24. A slight gap exists between extension 50 and the vertical edge of the overhang of knife box piece 26.

A receptacle 12a is located in the periphery of cylinder 12 and received therein is a cutting rubber 1217 having notch 12b therein.

In use a web of paper identified by the reference numeral 52 passes between folding cylinder 12 and cutting cylinder 14. The folding and cutting cylinders are rotated in unison and web 52 is passed therebetween and forced into the cutting knife which cuts the web. The paper compresses the extensions of the cheeks. Continued rotation of the cutting cylinder results in the cutting knife being no longer pointed toward the center of the folding cylinder and the inherent bias of the cheeks causes the cheeks to move outwardly stripping the paper from the cutting knife. The cycle is then repeated. Friction between the cheeks and knife blade is at a minimum, minimizing knife blade wear.

The cheek arrangement just described reduces noise and the high frequency sounds that are annoying and cause fatigue. The replacement of the cheeks is simple. Still further, the cheeks help pull the web providing a better looking product. It is very simple to change over from conventional wooden cheeks to the cheeks of the present invention and this does not require any modifications of existing structure. By using the cheeks of the present invention there is no need for hard woods and/or springs.

The cheek arrangement shown in FIG. 2 is particularly suited for a Hoe 3:2 press.

In FIG. 4 of the drawings an alternate embodiment of the present invention is disclosed and is identical to the previous embodiment except as hereinafter described. In embodiment 100 the knife box pieces 102 and 104 do not include an overhang. Checks 106 and 108 are provided and are the mirror image of each other and flank cutting knife 110. Cheek 106 is substantially rectangular and is made from a rubber having a durometer hardness of 65 plus or minus 5. Cheek 106 includes a rounded edge 112 which leads to a vertical edge 114 which is spaced slightly from the vertical wall of knife box piece 102. The base of check 106 contacts the base of knife box piece 102 and edge 116 of check 106 contacts the left face of cutting blade 110.

Cheek 108 is identically arranged with respect to knife box piece 104 and the right side of cutting blade 108.

A pin 118 extends from the vertical portion of knife box piece 102 through a transverse hole in cheek 106, through an enlarged hole 120 in cutting blade and through a hole in cheek 108 to a vertical portion of knife box piece 104. It is noted that registered holes are provided in the vertical portions of knife box pieces 102 and 104 which receive pin 118. It is also noted that hole is substantially larger than the diameter of pin 118 and the inside surface of the holes in the cheeks are in contact with pin 118.

By having the upper portions of the checks that are spaced from the cutting blade rounded friction is reduced. The pin serves the function of holding the checks in place and eliminates the need for the knife box pieces to have an overhang. The operation of the FIG. 4 embodiment is the same as the operation of the previous embodiment.

The structure shown in FIG. 4 is particularly suited for a Goss Mark 1 press.

In FIG. 5 of the drawings an alternate embodiment 200 of the present invention is shown and includes knife box pieces 202 and 204 which are identical to the knife box pieces described in connection with FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. Cheeks 206 and 208 are provided which are the mirror image of each other and are made from a rubber having a durometer hardness of 65 plus or minus 5. Cheeks 206 and 208 flank the cutting blade.

Cheek 206 is identical to check 40 except as hereinafter described. Cheek 206 includes a rounded upper portion 210 which extends between the upper edge 212 of the cheek to a vertical edge 214 thereof. Vertical edge 214 is spaced slightly from the vertical edge of the overhang of knife box piece 202. Edge 214 extends downwardly to a horizontal edge 216 which is spaced below the overhang of knife box piece 202. A gap exists between the vertical section of knife box piece 202 and a vertical edge 218 of cheek 206.

Cheeks 206 and 208 are free floating, i.e. they can move up and down as required. During cutting the checks are compressed by the web of paper and after the cutting cylinder is rotated so that the cutting blade is no longer pointed toward the center of the folding cylinder the cheeks expand stripping the web of paper from the cutting blade. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 minimizes the amount of friction between the cheeks and the cutting box pieces and provides the advantages heretofore noted. It is noted that the overhang of cutting box piece 202 overlays edge 216 of cheek 206 and prevents the check from whirling in an outward direction, A similar arrangement inhibits the radial outward movement of check 208.

The structure shown in FIG. 5 is particularly suited for a Goss Mark 2 or Mark 5 press.

In FIG. 6 of the drawings an alternate embodiment of the present invention is shown which isidentical to that showing in FIG. 4 except as hereinafter described. In the embodiment on FIG. 6 cheek 300 includes a base 302 and an extended cheek 304. Base 302 includes a bottom 306 and upright sides 308 to 310. Side 308 extends for the full height of the cheek. Side 312 extends inwardly to side 310 to upright side 13. Inclined side 316 extends from side 314 to small fiat 318. Small flat 318 is relatively narrow compared to the extension of extended cheek 304. Cheek 320 is identical except being the reverse image of cheek 300.

The structure shown in FIG. 6 is particularly suited for a 3 to 2 or 2 to 1 press.

While all the cheeks can be made from conventional rubber materials it has been found that the use of cheeks made from synthetic rubber, dry filter covering and a sulfur core provide excellent results. As an example, the dry filter covering can comprise 47 percent by weight (plus or minus percent) of the final cheek, the sulfur core 4 percent by weight (plus or minus 5 percent) of the final cheek and the synthetic rubber 9 percent by weight (plus or minus 5 percent) of the final cheek.

Preferably, all cheeks are made as hereinbefore set forth.

While newspaper presses have been shown the stmcture of the present invention can be used on gravure presses, offsets and any place where sheets of paper are severed.

While one cutting blade has been shown in each embodiment it is to be appreciated that a cutting cylinder may have two cutting blades and utilize the principals of the present invention.

It thus will be seen that there is provided a web severing mechanism which achieves the various objects of the invention and which is well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use.

As various possible embodiments might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein described or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim.

1. Apparatus for severing a web of paper comprising a cutting cylinder and a folding cylinder, said folding and cutting cylinders being in close proximity to each other with there being a slight clearance therebetween, said cutting cylinder including a female indentation having first and second opposed sides and a base, a knife box mechanism located in said indentation, said knife box mechanism including a first knife box piece and a second knife box piece, said first knife box piece including a side which is flush with a first opposed side of said female indentation,

having a bottom surface which is flush with a portion of the base of said female indentation, said first knife box piece further including an overhang extending perpendicularly away from said side thereof towards said second opposed side of said female indentation, said second knife box piece including a side that is flush with said second opposed side of said female indentation, said second knife box piece further including a base having a bottom surface flush with a portion of said female indentation base, said second knife box piece including an overhang which extends perpendicularly away from said side of said second knife box piece, thebases of said first and second knife box pieces being spaced from each other, a bolt extending through said first and second knife box pieces and maintaining said first and second knife box pieces in spaced apart relationship with each other, a first rubber cheek having a base and an extended portion, a shoulder between said base and said extended portion and said first rubber cheek base including an upper surface, said base of said first rubber cheek in contact with said base of said first knife box piece and said side of said first knife box piece, said first rubber cheek base upper surface contacting the overhang of said first knife box piece, a second rubber cheek identical to said first rubber cheek cooperating with said second knife box piece in the same manner that said first rubber cheek cooperates with said first knife box piece, said first and second cheeks being spaced from each other, a cutting knife being located between said first and second rubber cheeks and extending outwardly therefrom and said first and second rubber cheeks having a durometer hardness of plus or minus 5.

2. Apparatus for severing a web of paper comprising a cutting cylinder and a folding cylinder, said folding and cutting cylinders being in close proximity to each other with there being a slight clearance therebetween, said cutting cylinder including a female indentation having first and second opposed sides and a base, a knife box mechanism located in said indentation, said knife box mechanism including a first knife box piece and a second knife box piece, said first knife box piece including a side which is flush with a first opposed side of said female indentation, said first knife box piece further including a base having a bottom surface which is flush with a portion of the base of said female indentation, said first knife box piece further including an overhang extending perpendicularly away from said side thereof towards said second opposed side of said female indentation, said second knife box piece including a side that is flush with said second opposed side of said female indentation, said second knife box piece further including a base which has a bottom surface which is flush with a portion of said female indentation base, said second knife box piece including an overhang which extends perpendicularly away from said side of said second knife box piece, the bases of said first and second knife box pieces being 'spaced from each other, a bolt extending through said first and second knife box pieces and maintaining between said base and said extended portion, said base of said first rubber cheek in contact with said base of said first knife box piece and spaced from said side of said first knife box piece, said first rubber cheek extended portion spaced from the overhang of said first knife box piece, a second rubber cheek identical to said first rubber cheek cooperating with said second knife box piece in the same manner that said first rubber cheek cooperates with said first knife box piece, said first and second cheeks being spaced from each other, a cutting knife being located between said first and second rubber cheeks and extending outwardly therefrom and said first and second rubber cheeks having a durometer hardness of 65 plus or minus 5.

3. Apparatus for severing a web of paper comprising a cutting cylinder and a folding cylinder, said folding and cutting cylinders being in close proximity to each other with there being a slight clearance therebetween, said cutting cylinder including a female indentation having a first and second opposed sides and a base, a knife box mechanism located in said indentation, said knife box mechanism including a first knife box piece and a second knife box piece, said first knife box piece including a side which is flush with a first opposed side of said female indentation, said first knife box piece further including a base having a bottom surface which is flush with a portion of the base of said female indentation, said second knife box piece including a side that is flush with said second opposed side of said female indentation, said second knife box piece further including a base with said base having a bottom surface flush with a portion of said female indentation base, the bases of said first and second knife box pieces being spaced from each other, a bolt extending through said first and second knife box pieces and maintaining said first and second knife box pieces in spaced apart relationship with each other, a first rubber cheek being substantially rectangular and having a bottom surface and an upright side surface, said bottom surface of said first rubber cheek in contact with said base of said first knife box piece and said upright surface of said first rubber cheek spaced from, parallel to an adjacent said side of said first knife box piece, a second rubber cheek identical to said first rubber cheek cooperating with said second knife box piece in the same manner that said first rubber cheek cooperates with said first knife box piece, said first and second cheeks being spaced from each other, a cutting knife being located between said first and second rubber cheeks and extending outwardly therefrom and said first and second rubber cheeks having a durometer hardness of 65 plus or minus 5. i =l 

1. Apparatus comprising, movable means, second means arranged in close proximity to said movable means, said movable means and said second means coacting to disturb the atmosphere and produce noise, said second means defining an approaching zone for said movable means and a receding zone for said movable means, and means for directing a substantially continuous positive pressure proximate to said receding zone and said movable means to thereby reduce the level of said noise.
 2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said means for directing positive pressure is operable to direct a positive fluid pressure at a substantially even pressure.
 3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said movable means is rotary means, and said second means is non-rotating means.
 4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said pressure directing means is operable to produce an increased pressure proximate to said receding zone and said movable means.
 5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein said rotary means is a rotor having a plurality of cutting edges therein, and the noise produced is a function of the number of said cutting edges and the rotational rate of said rotary means.
 6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said rotor rotates about an axis and said cutting edges are arranged generally parallel with said axis.
 7. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said rotor comprises a generally cylindrical member and said cutting edges project from said member.
 8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said nonrotating means is a stationary member having a straight cutting edge thereon, and the cutting edges of said rotor are straight.
 9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said non-rotating means is a stationary member having a straight cutting edge thereon, and the cutting edges of said rotor are serrated.
 10. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said nonrotating means is a stationary member having a serrated cutting edges thereon, the cutting edges of said rotor being serrated and being positioned to be brought into cooperative relationship with said cutting edges of said stationary member during rotation of said rotor.
 11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including advancing means for presenting material to said movable means and said second means for treatment thereby.
 12. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein said pressure directing means includes a nozzle having aperture means the major dimension of which is generally coextensive with the length of said rotary means.
 13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said pressure directing means includes a set of jets.
 14. Apparatus as set forth in claim 13 wherein said jets are formed as a row of holes in a manifold, said manifold being generally coextensive in length with the length of said rotary means.
 15. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said rotor rotates about an axis and said cutting edges are inclined with respect to said axis.
 16. A method for reducing the noise level in apparatus having movable means and second means arranged in close proximity to said movable means with said second means defining an approaching zone for said movable means and a receding zone for said movable means wherein the movable means and second means coact to produce noise, comprising the steps of, driving said movable means, and directing a substantially continuous positive pressure proximate to said receding zone and said movable means to thereby reduce the level of said noise.
 17. A method as set forth in claim 16 wherein the step of directing said pressure includes directing a positive fluid pressure at a substantially even pressure.
 18. A method as set forth in claim 16 wherein said movable means is rotary means and said second means is non-rotating means.
 19. A method as set forth in claim 18 including the step of forming said zone of positive pressure along substantially the entire length of said rotary means.
 20. A method as set forth in claim 16 wherein the step of directing said pressure includes producing a zone of increased pressure proximate to said receding zone and said movable means. 